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DNA methylation in diabetic retinopathy: pathogenetic role and potential therapeutic targets.

Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People's Hospital, Shigatse, Xizang, People's Republic of China. Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. dr-davie@yeah.net. National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. dr-davie@yeah.net. Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. qinghuaqiu@163.com. National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. qinghuaqiu@163.com. Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People's Hospital, Shigatse, Xizang, People's Republic of China. qinghuaqiu@163.com.

Cell & bioscience. 2022;(1):186
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Abstract

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a specific neuron-vascular complication of diabetes, is a major cause of vision loss among middle-aged people worldwide, and the number of DR patients will increase with the increasing incidence of diabetes. At present, it is limited in difficult detection in the early stages, limited treatment and unsatisfactory treatment effects in the advanced stages. MAIN BODY The pathogenesis of DR is complicated and involves epigenetic modifications, oxidative stress, inflammation and neovascularization. These factors influence each other and jointly promote the development of DR. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic modification, which has been a key role in the regulation of gene expression and the occurrence and development of DR. Thus, this review investigates the relationship between DNA methylation and other complex pathological processes in the development of DR. From the perspective of DNA methylation, this review provides basic insights into potential biomarkers for diagnosis, preventable risk factors, and novel targets for treatment. CONCLUSION DNA methylation plays an indispensable role in DR and may serve as a prospective biomarker of this blinding disease in its relatively early stages. In combination with inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases can be a potential approach to delay or even prevent patients from getting advanced stages of DR.

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Publication Type : Review

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